水族館常見的非洲馬拉威湖慈鯛整理-非岩棲性家族 - 水族
By Odelette
at 2009-06-10T15:33
at 2009-06-10T15:33
Table of Contents
今天來整理一下水族館中常見的非岩棲性馬拉威慈鯛的資料吧
有別於岩棲性馬拉威慈鯛~非岩棲性的馬拉威慈鯛所居住的環境主要是湖泊裡較深的地區
有的魚種棲息在岩石附近較平坦的地區
有的則喜歡住在開放式的水域
有的更是喜歡湖底下方類似海砂般的平坦砂質地...
這些魚的特徵和住在岩石的那一群有點不太一樣
相同的是~牠們都會挖砂~掘洞
占據地盤~形成一夫一妻或是一夫多妻的家庭...
母魚負責帶小魚~公魚捍衛地盤
大部分母魚通常顏色比較淡~可以說沒有什麼顏色
公魚就很有看頭~顏色五花八門~繁殖期發情時的顏色更是鮮豔到不行
馬拉威湖中的魚類相當多~一個魚種在不同地方發現
所表現出來的顏色也會因為地區性的不同而有所不一樣~很神奇吧^^
另外,在科學家命名和分類的方式也很多種
以下就針對水族館比較常見的種類稍微整理一下:
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[A]
孔雀鯛屬(Aulonocara) & 彩頭鯛屬(Trematocranus)
這兩種為什麼會放在一起呢?
因為牠們的外觀實在太像了
這兩類的魚看拉丁文看不太出來是什麼意思~不過沒關係~看中文就好啦
一種叫"彩頭"~一種叫"孔雀"
沒錯~這個分類下的鯛魚呢~顏色像孔雀一般的美麗而多變,頭部通常有著鮮豔的顏色
目前水族館最常見的就是:黃帝/火鳥/帝王艷紅
大約可以長到15cm-20cm左右
黃帝(Aulonocara baenschi-yellow)
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648885&p=11
火鳥(Aulonocara baenschi-orange)
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648884&p=10
帝王艷紅(Aulonocara jacobfreibergi) or (Trernatocranus jacobfreibergi)
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648883&p=9
Aulonocara屬的母魚99%都長這樣子(全身是銀灰色的)
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648886&p=12
ps.黃帝和火鳥其實是同種魚~顏色是地區性不同或是人工改良而成的
有時候在水族館會看到噴火皇冠這種魚~它也是這種魚之一
只是顏色沒有火鳥那麼紅~所以被稱為噴火皇冠
甚至有時候會發現缸子上寫著帝王艷紅~缸子裡卻是火鳥~或是相反
哈哈~很有趣吧?
我自己是認為叫牠們"孔雀鯛"其實也蠻適合的^^
這類魚在水族館中價位算是中高的魚種
如果成魚在販賣大概300$左右就可以有了,5cm-6cm的亞成魚大概50$-60$
算是健康好養的馬拉威湖慈鯛,領域性沒有岩棲性種類來的強
但是如果要飼養牠們~魚缸還是要大一點(大概兩尺半)
這些魚除了底部放一些海砂之外~可以用石頭做一些地方讓牠們躲
另外~提供一些開放式水域讓牠們游~牠們會展現無比的美麗在你眼前
如果要繁殖~可以從5cm-6cm開始養,只要餵食固定,水乾淨定期換水
這類馬拉威慈鯛"很會生"~一胎生個30-50條小魚,採用口孵性繁殖
只要看到母魚嘴巴含卵,鼓鼓的~那就是生小魚了
只要觀察母魚的下巴含的卵變黑了~那就是小於出生了
可以把母魚撈出來~準備一個小盆子,用藥用棉花棒輕輕打開母魚嘴巴
就可以把小魚放出來獨立養了!
小魚一出生~可以吃一般磨碎後的飼料~很好養的!!!
因此~小弟我呢~原本養了8條~養到後來變成400多條...有沒有那麼會生阿~冏
後來就把母魚和一些公魚送給親戚養在戶外池子裡~一直到今年六月~都還是頭好壯壯阿
這是我目前留的幾條公魚三尺缸照片
http://www.wretch.cc/album/album.php?id=jasonken310&book=33
[B]
單色鯛屬
這類的魚顧名思義身上最大的特徵就是"單色"
與其說牠是單色~到不如說牠們身上是以什麼色為主的馬鯛
書上在介紹的Hap.是英文的名稱簡稱~就是在講單色鯛囉
這類的魚通常身體成流線型~顏色雖然沒有彩頭鯛來的多變化~但是顏色表現卻不單調喔
我們在水族館常見的種類有:
阿里(Sciaenochromis fryeri) 約20cm-25cm
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648889&p=15
ps.阿里公魚---全身金屬藍
阿里母魚---全身淡淡藍灰色
血艷紅(Copadichromis borleyi "Kadango") 約20cm-25cm
血艷紅公魚
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648887&p=13
血艷紅母魚
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648888&p=14
ps.我們看到的血艷紅這類魚裡面~其實有很多地域性變化種
有全身是藍色的~有身體是黃的
台灣目前島產都是紅色或是橘色居多
(紅色吉祥吧XD)
馬面(Dimidiochromis compressiceps) 約20cm-25cm
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648890&p=16
[C]
其他屬
維納斯/金星(Nimbochromis venustus) 約30cm
ps.
維納斯公魚
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648894&p=20
維納斯母魚
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648896&p=22
維納斯幼魚的顏色和母魚相同
紫水晶(Placidochromis electra) 約15cm
紫水晶公魚
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648892&p=18
紫水晶母魚
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648893&p=19
藍茉莉(Cyrtocara moorii) 約20cm-25cm
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648897&p=23
ps.藍茉莉頭會凸起~圓圓的!
公魚---藍色
母魚---銀色
紅鷹or埃及豔后(Protomelas taeniolatus) 約20cm
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648891&p=17
ps.乍看有點像血艷紅~但是身體比較長!
背鰭有紅色花紋~身體也有深色花紋!
比較常見的就這些~有時候還有紅馬面/花鯛/花小丑/藍龍王子
比較好奇"藍龍王子"是改良種還是本來就有這種魚?
藍龍王子
http://www.wretch.cc/album/show.php?i=jasonken310&b=56&f=1643648898&p=24
有版友認識這種魚嗎?
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